"The Tajik language throughout its many thousands of years of history, despite many barriers, difficulties on the way of its development and even under the threat of extinction, has been revived, lived a united life, kept pace with the Tajik nation and has been the inspiration of scientific, literary, cultural, spiritual, political and social activities of Tajiks. With the realization of more than a thousand years of aspirations of our people - the achievement of State Independence, we have been given the opportunity to pay special attention to the issue of truly honoring and respecting our mother tongue, ensuring its dignified place, position and further development".

Emomali Rahmon

On October 4, 2023 at the department of popaedeutics of children's diseases of the State Educational Institution "Avicenna Tajik State Medical University " under the guidance of the senior lecturer c.m.s., O.F. Khaidarova was held an open lesson on the theme: "State Language Day" with the participation of the department staff and students of the 3rd year 3, 4 and 6 curatorial groups of the pediatric faculty. The presentation was prepared by the students of the following groups.

State Language Day is an official holiday in Tajikistan, celebrated on October 5. This date was introduced relatively recently, until 2009 this holiday was celebrated on July 22. Tajik language is the language of the Tajiks of the Central Asian republics, the state language of Tajikistan, which was formed from the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian languages of the Indo-European family. Together with the Dari language, it is part of the New Persian dialects and can be regarded as a northeastern variant of Persian. The sphere of distribution includes the territory of Tajikistan, BMAR up to Vancha district, some parts of Uzbekistan (Samarkand and Bukhara) and the south of Kyrgyzstan. The difference with the western (Iranian) variant of Persian language begins to be felt around the XV century. If we talk about the difference of the literary Tajik language, it is phonetically very different from the Persian language, and after the introduction in 1939 of the alphabet based on the Cyrillic alphabet, these differences became even more noticeable.

Tajik language became the official language in the newly formed Tajik ASSR, which was transformed into a separate union republic in 1929. At the same time, the main centers of Tajik culture - Bukharo and Samarkand - were not included in this formation, remaining in the Uzbek SSR.

Since 1922, in accordance with the language policy of the USSR, the process of transferring the Tajik language from the traditional Arabic-Persian script to the Latin script began, which was completed by 1936. However, already in 1939, a new reform of writing began, when the language was transferred to the Cyrillic script. The creation of their own territorial entity for Tajiks with the center in the new city of Dushanbe significantly strengthened the position of the Tajik language in this territory.

In Tajikistan, since the first days of independence, great attention has been paid to the preservation of the national heritage, including the language. The adoption of the Law "On the State Language of the Republic of Tajikistan" was an important factor in further, deeper awareness of national identity, strengthening the position of the native language and gave a powerful impetus for development. The national language is history, without which no nation can be imagined. Language is necessary for communication, it testifies to its identity and determines the spiritual potential of the nation. It is the language that is given the right to be a reflection of the history of the nation and the development of the state.

The Founder of peace and national unity, Leader of the nation, President of the Republic of Tajikistan, Honorable Emomali Rahmon noted: "... it is necessary to teach children the language from a young age, and adults should know all the grammar and use their native language everywhere. We must preserve the Tajik language as a valuable national treasure and a symbol of culture and spirituality of the Tajik people". The law proclaims Tajik as the state language of Tajikistan and obliges every citizen to know it, ensures the protection, use and development of the state language, and creates favorable conditions for its study. According to the law, the state language must be used in all spheres of life - political, economic, social, cultural and scientific.

Department of propaedeutics of children's diseases

translated

Ruzimuhammad Ismoilov