"Health is not a gift that a person receives once and for life, but the result of conscious behavior of each person and everyone in society"          

П. Foss.

A healthy lifestyle is a lifestyle aimed at rejuvenation and improvement of the whole organism, avoidance of bad habits, creation of a daily regimen with room for adequate rest, productive work and physical activity. The World Health Organization has declared the principle that "the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is one of the fundamental rights of every human being". In modern literature there is a large number of definitions of "health". The terminology used, especially borrowed from related disciplines (sociology of health, psychology, economics, etc.), does not always reflect the true medical understanding of this definition. A classic definition is the one recorded in the WHO Constitution: "Health is a state of complete physical, spiritual and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and physical defects" (1948). People's health is a great social value. Often a person begins to think about health only when it is finally lost, forgetting that it is health that is a prerequisite for successful personal development. The importance of health improvement for a person is determined primarily by his or her own strategy and tactics. A person is exposed to a complex impact of interrelated factors. Some factors positively affect the state of health, others, on the contrary, have a negative impact. Factors determining human health can be divided into 4 groups:

Ø socio-biological (gender, age, heredity, type of constitution, temperament);

Ø socio-economic (working conditions, living conditions, housing conditions, material well-being, state of health care services, lifestyle);

Ø natural and climatic (air temperature, humidity, level of solar radiation, landscape, flora, fauna);

Ø organizational or medical (provision of the population with medical care, quality of medical care, accessibility of medical and social care, etc.).

At an early age, socio-biological factors have a predominant influence on health. As we grow older, their role decreases, giving way to socio-economic factors, conditions (objective side of life activity) and lifestyle (subjective side). Risk factors are factors that are potentially dangerous to human health, contributing to the emergence of diseases. For the development of a pathological process, in addition to the risk factor, the action of a specific causative factor is required. But unlike the direct causes of diseases (viruses, bacteria, etc.), risk factors act indirectly, creating an unfavorable background for the emergence and development of diseases. For example, the incidence of lung cancer is influenced by smoking, ecology, place of residence, etc. It is generally accepted that health depends 50% or more on living conditions and lifestyle, 20% on environmental conditions, 20% on genetic factors and 10% on health care. The health of the population is influenced by such negative lifestyle factors as smoking and alcohol consumption, improper nutrition, adynamia and hypodynamia, drug use and abuse of medicines, harmful working conditions, stressful situations, unfavorable material and living conditions, fragile families, loneliness, low educational and cultural level, excessive urbanization. All of these are risk factors, that is, factors that are hypothesized to be associated with the development of a particular disease and are associated with both a greater prevalence and an increased likelihood of new cases of disease. As a rule, not just one of these factors, but several of them are active. The main goal of identifying and correcting risk factors is to improve health, reduce the incidence of major chronic non-communicable diseases: cardiovascular diseases, bronchopulmonary diseases, diabetes mellitus, etc., and reduce mortality. A healthy lifestyle and its components is a way of life or a lifestyle aimed at improving and strengthening the human body, preventing various kinds of diseases, and maintaining good health. A way of life is a person's consciously performed actions that make up the habitual pattern of his daily behavior. In his daily life a person has to perform a significant part of duties and actions aimed at solving a number of tasks:

ü ensuring life activity, which requires breathing, eating, sleeping, maintaining body temperature;

ü performance of professional duties requires compliance with a number of conditions in the organization of work (study), recreation, professional development, physical and psychological rehabilitation;

ü maintaining socio-cultural status, multiple interpersonal contacts, spiritual development;

ü fulfill their family and household functions of providing for family life and raising children;

ü taking care of their health, including necessary motor activity, fulfillment of hygienic requirements, avoidance of bad habits.

Based on the need to solve these tasks in everyday life, the following main components of lifestyle can be identified: motor activity, ensuring mental health, rational nutrition, hardening and immunity training, and a clear regime of life. Only if these conditions are met, a person's life will be full of interesting and important activities, there will be a place for regular health activities, and he will not experience a constant feeling of lack of time.

Benefits of a healthy lifestyle:

• Strengthening immunity and reducing the incidence of viral and infectious diseases;

·        achievement of active longevity and preservation of capacity and mobility even in old age;

·        reducing the risk of developing chronic diseases, increasing the duration of remission periods;

·        getting rid of bad moods, depression and stress;

·        active participation in social and family activities;

·        the opportunity to do what you love even in old age;

·        to get up every day and feel full of strength and energy;

·        to set the right example for relatives and children;

·        to have a beautiful body and clean skin;

·        increasing the age of appearance of the first age-related changes in the body;

·        feeling that everything is possible and achievable.

            A healthy lifestyle contributes to the preservation and improvement of human health and well-being. Every year it becomes more and more popular, because many people want not just to enjoy life, but to enjoy life for a long time. And a healthy lifestyle will help in this, because it not only significantly increases longevity, but also gets rid of many ailments that appear in adulthood.

Department of propaedeutics of children's diseases

translated

Ruzimuhammad Ismoilov