In recent decades there have been real climate changes of global character. They affect not only the atmosphere, but also the biosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and have a significant impact on many spheres of human life. This has led to the growing interest of the international community in this problem, which led to the World Meteorological Organization and UNEP (UN Program) created in 1988 the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to analyze scientific data on climate. climate change and their consequences to provide complete information.

Climate change at the global level is accompanied not only by changes in weather patterns, but also by an increase in unusual weather events that affect migration flows, food security, public health and other areas.

It is assumed that the effects of climate change are observed in all regions of the planet, and Central Asia is no exception in this regard. Central Asia comprises five countries - Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.

Extreme climate warming is observed throughout Central Asia. The trend towards relatively warm winters and dry summers in most of the region is leading to the retreat of glaciers and thawing of permafrost in the Pamir and Tien Shan mountains. For example, over the last century, the average annual air temperature has increased by less than 1°C, which has led to the shrinkage of more than a third of the glaciers that are mainly found in the mountains of Central Asia.

As a result, the risk of heavy rainfall, droughts, floods and inundations is increasing. It is known that climate change may have a negative impact on the quantity and quality of water resources, their seasonal dynamics, on agriculture, especially on agriculture and human health. In addition, climate change may aggravate existing problems, leading to desertification and degradation of ecosystems and natural resources. For the Aral Sea Basin countries experiencing water scarcity, the issue of climate change and water resources will play a key role in the development of the economy and provision of life needs in the future.

Today, the effects of climate change are already clearly visible on the planet. The main negative impacts of climate change with estimated probability of their occurrence according to the Fifth Assessment Agreement of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are as follows:

- see changes in hydrologic systems that are related to water resources in terms of quantity and quality (medium confidence level);

- many species of terrestrial, freshwater and marine animals have changed their geographic location, seasonal activity, migration patterns, abundance and interactions with other species (high confidence);

- negative impact of climate change on crop productivity (high confidence level);

- deterioration of public health as a result of climate change;

The socio-economic impacts of climate change have become so severe that the World Economic Forum's Global Risks Report 2018 identified extreme weather events as the most serious threat facing humanity.

Hasanov F.J. – c.m.s., associate professor, head of the department of public health and ecology

translated Ismoilov R.