One of the greatest achievements of the Tajik nation in the twentieth century was the declaration of independence of Tajikistan, which a thousand years later brought the Tajik statehood to the world stage. After gaining independence, the Tajik nation, as a sovereign, enlightened and peace-loving nation, continued the traditions of the Great Kurush and the Samanid kingdom in a new era and established a new system of Tajik statehood. However, today's world conditions show that there are still threats to destabilize the country, and each state needs to consider its own security, geopolitical policy in order to protect itself from the negative effects of global policies  has. Analysis shows that in modern times, the negative geopolitical factors that can destabilize states are realized in two main ways: firstly, the negative impact of the global system, and secondly, the selfish abuse of "democracy". Both of these factors are now being turned into political weapons by some states, and through them and with the funding of foreign patrons, the situation in the countries is destabilized and people's lives are endangered.

As the Central Asian region, and especially Tajikistan, is at the crossroads of the interests of the world's superpowers, the negative impact of globalization on the spiritual world of the Tajik nation has increased, and therefore the understanding of the world's political policy is clear. In addition, it should be noted that such crimes as terrorism, extremism, transnational crime, smuggling and drug trafficking are now global in nature and are carried out under the guise of political organizations and carry out their illegal plans. Most of all, the global threat and danger is manifested in the fact that illegal propaganda has become global in nature. Some countries provide shelter for criminal groups as “political refugees” and even fund and use them for their own geopolitical interests. As part of these processes, a new form of crime, such as cybercrime, using computer technology and the Internet, has spread to many countries around the world. In modern times, the social networks of the Internet have become a platform for debate, ensuring the free participation of all users of these networks, freedom of speech and expression. But such freedom on social networks also has its downsides. The inclusion of any individual in the debate, especially on issues of national self-awareness, political structure and religious beliefs, leads to a shift from free debate to direct confrontation, which leads to increased fragmentation in society. In these debates, the principles of communication, such as tolerance, respect for the individual, respect for religious and national values, are violated, and the debate takes a negative form. In general, the reason for such behavior of some citizens is the lack of political culture, political foresight, responsibility and a sense of national self-awareness. Surveys among young people show that some young people spend more than 6 hours a day on social networks. With such indicators, we can say that it is the Internet that “sharpens” the worldview of our young people and leads them to all kinds of ugly things. The negative elements of social networks are most often used by the enemies of the nation to undermine the stability of society, and many of these sources of information are created by anti-government movements and their foreign backers. In this regard, it should be noted that such a process harms not only the minds of young people, but also the national mentality, and it is a form of modern extremism. Regarding the harm of this factor, the Leader of the Nation noted very well that “extremism is manifested in a relatively wide range. In particular, there is religious extremism, ideological extremism and political extremism. Contrary to the society of our country, various forces tried to force their models on Tajikistan, which is another manifestation of extremism. In this case, the position of religion in society should also serve the interests of the people. In determining the position of religion in modern Tajik society, it was necessary for lawyers to take into account two factors: first, religion must be free, and second, that freedom must not be abused in order to achieve political goals. In order to prevent further religious extremism, religion was declared separate from the state and a single ideology was banned by Article 8, as “a truly democratic state does not need a religious ideology in its policy, as religious norms already exist in its content”.

Another factor and destabilizing factor in the political situation in states is the artificial introduction of “democracy” into the governance system. It should be noted that in modern times, a new trend and school of politics has emerged, which is called “political technology”. With the help of schools of political technology in Western countries, politicians are introduced to the public during elections. In this process, many books and manuals on the training of political elites are presented. But in reality, the introduction of democracy in Asian countries by any means, without taking into account the political culture of peoples and nations, is one of the ways to destabilize the political situation in these countries. In the case of Libya, Iraq, and Afghanistan, we can clearly see how democracy has destroyed the stability of these countries and led them to civil war. It should be noted that democracy itself, as a way of governing the state, has a progressive meaning, but its selfish use calls into question the importance of this process in some Asian countries. As the Leader of the Nation points out, “Western countries have reached this level of democratization more than a hundred years ago, and the issue of political culture has long been resolved in these countries. Democracy in these countries will not allow disintegration. However, the political culture of Asian countries is very different from that of Western countries. In this sense, it is too early for us to adopt such a model of democracy. But understanding this does not mean ignoring democracy. Our democracy means respect for the individual and the people, respect for the rule of law, and the foundation for each individual to live in peace. ”

Artificial destabilization of the political situation in third world countries is considered by the world's superpowers as a geopolitical policy in today's world. Along with the introduction of democracy and the collapse of the traditional system of political power, in most post-Soviet countries there was a gap in the atmosphere of national ideas. Experience has shown that without a national idea, progress and achievement of a great national identity or achievement is impossible. However, in 1989-1992, there were even individuals who denied the past, and even “rumors were raised that the study of Aryan civilization and its values ​​would interfere with the religious sentiments of Muslims. Such a report was baseless and untrue, and the truth showed that the history of the past and Aryan civilization is a purely cultural phenomenon, and the present and future generations will study it as the history of our ancestors.

In order to strengthen its geopolitical position, some countries make extensive use of international terrorism. Terrorism, as a political weapon and the hegemony of the world's superpowers, poses a serious threat to the world's nations. In this regard, the construction of a stable political system, which has been ensured in the Republic of Tajikistan during the years of independence, testifies to the possibility of establishing a stable political system within one state that works in the interests of the people, peace and tranquility. Such a political system is recognized by most Central Asian states, and the reality of Tajikistan today proves its validity. Tajikistan intensifies the fight against extremism and terrorism: “National Strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan on Countering Terrorism and Extremism for 2021-2025” is adopted. The changing situation in today's world and the emergence of dangerous modern phenomena, including terrorism and extremism, arms trafficking, drug trafficking, cybercrime and other transnational crimes that concern humanity, urge us to ensure the security of our country. first of all. Because the followers of terrorist and extremist organizations try to destabilize the situation in society and to provoke religious conflicts, they use the Internet to mislead the population, especially young people, and to involve them in banned organizations. I would like to emphasize that the traitors of the nation and their foreign masters have not given up their dirty and selfish plans of the early 90s. They are still trying by all means from abroad to destabilize our society and impose a foreign culture and religion on our people. ” Analyzing the course of political changes in the country and the impact of negative factors, it should be noted that Tajikistan is in a period of transition and statehood, and one of the most important aspects of this period is to ensure peace and stability in the country. At the time of independence, the Republic of Tajikistan was able to determine its state structure in the context of a severe political crisis. Independence and sovereignty of the state have been achieved after many centuries of hard work and constant efforts of the free people of the Tajik nation, which has set before us the fulfillment of a very productive and at the same time proud task of building a new state in line with modern Tajik statehood. Thus, it can be concluded that the greatest achievement of the Tajik nation in the twentieth century was the declaration of independence of Tajikistan, and therefore in today's world it is necessary to protect it from the negative effects of global politics.

Global threats and dangers in the form of “democracy”, “freedom of speech” and other masks of “political technology” have a negative impact on society. In this regard, strengthening the geopolitical position and the establishment of the national idea is the only way to resist the processes of globalization and to protect the state from external interference.

Department of education